ACE Lists of Disturbances and Transients

Shocks

Magnetic Clouds

Counterstreaming Electrons

Magnetic Holes

Terrestrial Foreshock

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The Ground Rules We Play By:

  1. This is a listing of interesting observations by the ACE spacecraft. The purpose of this list is to facilitate discussion between instuments of the ACE spacecraft that are engaged in the study of shocks, solar ejecta and magnetic clouds, CIRs, current sheet crossings, etc.

  2. The listing is not certified, validated, or in any way promised to be correct. We reserve the right to be wrong in order to advance the discussion in a prompt manner.

  3. This listing is maintained by the Magnetic Field Experiment (MAG) team, but represents a collaborative effort principally between MAG and the Solar Wind Electron Proton Alpha Monitor (SWEPAM) teams. All other ACE teams, or instrument teams from other spacecraft, are welcome to participate, to use the opinions expressed here, and to contribute their own analyses and data.

  4. No period which is observed by both the MAG and SWEPAM instruments, but which fails to gain agreement between the two teams, will be listed here.

  5. This listing is a public scratch pad provided as a service to the ACE community. Please use it accordingly. Your additions and comments are welcome.

About the Instruments:

Some of the following will be repeated at the beginning of each relevant list that follows.

Some material that will not be repeated:

MAG is constructed upon the heritage of Voyager 1/2, ISPM, AMPTE, GIOTTO, Mars Observer, Mars Global Surveyor and WIND. ACE/MAG is the reconditioned spare instrument from the WIND/MFI investigation with the sampling and telemetry rates changed to accomodate the ACE mission.

SWEPAM is the refurbished flight spare of the Solar Wind Over the Poles of the Sun (SWOOPS) experiment onboard the joint NASA/ESA Ulysses mission. SWEPAM consists of 2 separate units: SWEPAM-I provides measurements of solar wind protons and alpha particles while SWEPAM-E provides measurements of solar wind electrons.

Some material that will be repeated:

The MAG instrument was activated the day of launch, August 25, 1997 and exited the Earth's magnetosphere later that same day.

  • The shock and magnetic cloud list begins with observations from August 26.

SWEPAM was activated on October 20, 1997. SWEPAM observations are not available for Dec. 4-22, 1997 or Feb. 20-23, 1998.

  • For obvious reasons, the periods of counterstreaming electrons are identified solely on the basis of SWEPAM-E observations.

And finally:

When available, additional pages displaying data plots of the periods in question can be accessed via the comment for the period in question.

Most importantly:

The data shown here is not for publication. We reserve the right to be wrong. For science-quality data, we strongly urge you go to the ACE Science Center to obtain data which has been certified correct.

And remember, all information shown here is preliminary and subject to change.

Shocks:

The following list contains shocks observed by either MAG or SWEPAM. Whenever possible, the observation is confirmed by both instruments. The time is approximate and good to about 30 minutes. Whether the shock is (F)orward or (R)everse is listed. Initial comments are purely subjective, especially in so far as they are characterized the size of the shock as "small", "moderate" or "large", but characterizations will be improved as further analysis is performed.

The MAG instrument was activated the day of launch, August 25, 1997 and exited the Earth's magnetosphere later that same day. The shock list begins with observations from August 26. SWEPAM was activated on October 20, 1997. SWEPAM observations are not available for Dec. 4-22, 1997 or Feb. 20-23, 1998. Whenever data from both instruments are available, both are used to determine the identity of an apparent shock.

Note: The shock analysis results given were obtained by least-squares fitting of the incomplete Rankine-Hugoniot relations (temperature info. not used). The following parameters from the asymptotic upstream and downstream states are presented where available: shock normal, n, in RTN, and in angular format with uncertainty in degrees, (polar, long.), where the polar angle is measured from the positive R axis, and the longitudinal angle is measured from the positive T axis towards the N axis, the shock speed, V, given in the spacecraft frame and in the upstream plasma frame (in parentheses), in km/s, the downstream over upstream density ratio, r_n, the downstream over upstream magnetic field strength ratio, r_b, the angle between upstream magnetic field vector and the shock normal, Th_Bn, in degrees, and the upstream Mach number, M_A.

Date & Time [UT] F/R Confirmation Comments
September 2, 1997
~22:30		 F MAG only small shock
September 3, 1997
~10:30		 F MAG only small shock
September 21, 1997
~21:30		 F MAG only moderate shock
October 1, 1997
~1:00		 F MAG only large shock
October 2, 1997
~6:30		 F MAG only small shock
October 10, 1997
~15:30		 F MAG only moderate shock
October 23, 1997
~7:30		 F MAG only small shock
October 24, 1997
~10:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I large shock
November 6, 1997
~22:02		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I large shock
November 9, 1997
~9:52		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I small shock
November 22, 1997
~9:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I large shock
November 30, 1997
~7:05		 F MAG 75% (3 nT) jump in |B|
December 30, 1997
~1:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-E small shock
January 6, 1998
~13:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I moderate shock
January 24, 1998
~5:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I moderate shock
January 28, 1998
~16:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I moderate shock
February 18, 1998
~7:50		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I in RTN coords:
n=(0.8885, 0.1639, -0.4285),
[(27, 291) +/- (7, 4) deg],
V=458 +/- 94, r_n=1.4, r_b=1.4,
Th_Bn=103 +/- 7, M_A=1.4
March 4, 1998
~11:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8897, -0.0324, -0.4553),
[(27, 266) +/- (2, 8) deg],
V=402 +/- 60, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=88 +/- 3, M_A=2.2
April 7, 1998
~17:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E moderate
April 23, 1998
17:28		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in GSE units:
n=(-0.96,-0.15,0.26)+/-(0.04,0.10,0.12)
V = 71 +/- 18 km/s in unshocked frame
April 30, 1998
8:43		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in GSE units:
n=(-0.86,-0.08,0.50)+/-(0.02,0.03,0.04)
V = 82 +/- 8 km/s in unshocked frame
May 1, 1998
21:22		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in GSE units:
n=(-0.79,-0.56,-0.24)+/-(0.03,0.03,0.04)
V = 181 +/- 27 km/s in unshocked frame
May 3, 1998
17:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in GSE units:
n=(-0.89,0.35,-0.29)+/-(0.02,0.04,0.03)
V = 89 +/- 11 km/s in unshocked frame
May 4, 1998
~2:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E not a shock, but a large forward-travelling wave
May 15, 1998
13:57		 F MAG in GSE units:
n=(-0.92,-0.40,-0.05)+/-(0.02,0.05,0.02)
V = 64 +/- 7 km/s in unshocked frame
May 29, 1998
~15:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E
June 13, 1998
18:56		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in GSE units:
n=(-0.45,0.78,-0.43)+/-(0.04,0.02,0.02)
V = 101 +/- 10 km/s in unshocked frame
June 17, 1998
~20:50		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E weak
June 23, 1998
~07:10		 F (slow?) SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9465, -0.0617, 0.3168),
[(19, 101) +/- (7, 7) deg],
V = 368 +/- 57, r_n=1.9, r_b=0.8, Th_Bn=115 +/- 38, M_A=0.3
June 25, 1998
DOY 176
~15:43		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6515, 0.7470, 0.1327),
[(49, 10) +/- (3, 2) deg],
V=351 +/- 73, r_n=1.6, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=66 +/- 8, M_A=1.3
July 16, 1998
~23:30		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9509, 0.2914, -0.1043),
[(18, 340) +/- (3, 26) deg],
V=461 +/- 86, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=123 +/- 17, M_A=1.7
July 23, 1998
~00:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E very small and questionable
July 31, 1998
~09:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.4693, -0.5932, 0.6541),
[(62, 132) +/- (3, 3) deg],
V=147 +/- 82, r_n=2.1, r_b=2.2,
Th_Bn=73 +/- 14, M_A=1.1
August 6, 1998
6:44		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in GSE units:
n=(-0.94,0.32,0.07)+/-(0.01,0.04,0.12)
August 8, 1998
~1:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E
August 10, 1998
~00:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.4748, 0.2016, 0.8567),
[(62, 77) +/- (4, 8) deg],
V=345 +/- 60, r_n=2.1, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=57 +/- 12, M_A=3.2
August 19, 1998
~17:32		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in GSE units:
n=(-0.79,-0.51,-0.32)+/-(0.04,0.06,0.03)
August 26, 1998
~6:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E Np: 8 -> 20 p/cc;
Vsw: 480 -> 620 km/s;
Tp: 1.e^5 -> 8.e^5
followed by discontinuity at 9:00
September 24, 1998
~23:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7132, -0.2576, -0.6519),
[(44, 248) +/- (2, 1) deg],
V=604 +/- 47, r_n=2.7, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=62 +/- 2, M_A=3.2
October 2, 1998
~7:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.2970, -0.7767, -0.5554),
[(73, 216) +/- (3, 3) deg],
V=387 +/- 78, r_n=2.6, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=128 +/- 6, M_A=3.6
October 18, 1998
~19:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in GSE units:
n=(-0.66,-0.11,-0.74)+/-(0.04,0.05,0.03)
October 23, 1998
~12:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.1385, 0.5025, -0.8534),
[(82, 300) +/- (1, 5) deg],
V=108 +/- 39, r_n=2.3, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=56 +/- 12, M_A=1.7
November 3, 1998
~3:00		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E possibly magnetic hole boundary
November 8, 1998
~4:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7796, -0.0286, -0.6256),
[(39, 267) +/- (2, 1) deg],
V=582 +/- 68, r_n=1.9, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=76 +/- 2, M_A=1.2
November 30, 1998
~4:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9021, 0.3954, -0.1728),
[(26, 336) +/- (4, 7) deg],
V=416 +/- 37, r_n=2.9, r_b=2.9,
Th_Bn=58 +/- 11, M_A=2.1
December 1, 1998
~2:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6678, 0.7251, -0.1680),
[(48, 347) +/- (1, 6) deg],
V=378 +/- 62, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=96 +/- 9, M_A=1.6
December 11, 1998
~19:30		 F SWEPAM-I/E
December 26, 1998
~9:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9511, -0.3043, -0.0537),
[(18, 190) +/- (6, 9) deg],
V=555 +/- 74, r_n=1.4, r_b=1.4,
Th_Bn=82 +/- 6, M_A=1.1
January 13, 1999
DOY 13
~10:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.3777, 0.7294, 0.5704),
[(68, 38) +/- (4, 1) deg],
V=211 +/- 66, r_n=1.8, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=121 +/- 7, M_A=2.3
January 22, 1999
DOY 22
~19:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8638, 0.0126, -0.5038),
[(30, 271) +/- (1, 2) deg],
V=628 +/- 51, r_n=1.5, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=39 +/- 11, M_A=1.2
February 11, 1999
DOY 42
~7:45		 F SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9735, 0.2225, -0.0529),
[(13, 347) +/- (6, 45) deg],
V=422 +/- 50, r_n=1.6, r_b=1.5,
Th_Bn=123 +/- 49, M_A=2.0
February 17, 1999
DOY 48
~6:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8912, 0.2263, -0.3931),
[(27, 300) +/- (6, 2) deg],
V=539 +/- 114, r_n=1.5, r_b=1.5,
Th_Bn=100 +/- 6, M_A=2.0
February 18, 1999
DOY 49
~2:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9838, 0.0834, 0.1586),
[(10, 62) +/- (1, 3) deg],
V=671 +/- 26, r_n=2.9, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=50 +/- 2, M_A=3.5
February 28, 1999
DOY 59
~20:30		 F MAG in RTN coords:
n=(0.5169, -0.2103, -0.8298),
[(59, 256) +/- (8, 1) deg],
V=258 +/- 93, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=78 +/- 11, M_A=1.1
March 10, 1999
DOY 69
~00:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9768, -0.1516, 0.1516),
[(12, 135) +/- (3, 8) deg],
V=522 +/- 90, r_n=1.5, r_b=1.5,
Th_Bn=102 +/- 4, M_A=3.3
April 16, 1999
DOY 106
~10:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6237, -0.3114, 0.7170),
[(51, 114) +/- (4, 2) deg],
V=394 +/- 75, r_n=1.6, r_b=1.5,
Th_Bn=58 +/- 7, M_A=2.5
May 5, 1999
DOY 125
~15:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.2493, 0.9593, -0.1329),
[(76, -8) +/- (5, 4) deg],
V=170 +/- 40, r_n=3.4, r_b=4.1,
Th_Bn=39 +/- 30, M_A=1.9
May 5, 1999
DOY 125
~23:30		 F SWEPAM-I/E not visible in MAG data; probably not a shock
May 18, 1999
DOY 138
~0:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9599, -0.2771, 0.0416),
[(16, 172) +/- (2, 26) deg],
V=418 +/- 31, r_n=3.5, r_b=1.0,
Th_Bn=3 +/- 39, M_A=2.8
(possible quasi-parallel shock with large uncertainty and enhanced fluctuation downstream)
May 18, 1999
DOY 138
~19:10		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9986, 0.0355, -0.0404),
[(3, 311) +/- (1, 16) deg],
V=569 +/- 44, r_n=3.3, r_b=1.3,
Th_Bn=17 +/- 34, M_A=1.4
(enhanced downstream fluctuation)
May 25, 1999
DOY 145
~9:50		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9497, 0.2582, -0.1770),
[(18, 326) +/- (3, 20) deg],
V=389 +/- 59, r_n=2.5, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=135 +/- 16, M_A=2.5
June 15, 1999
DOY 166
~11:50		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E small SWEPAM signal
jump in |B| following ramp up
interesting 'wave' activity following
June 26, 1999
DOY 177
~2:18		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E MAG signal difficult to observe and weak
June 26, 1999
DOY 177
~19:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9703, -0.2307, 0.0729),
[(14, 162) +/- (3, 12) deg],
V=444 +/- 44, r_n=2.3, r_b=2.2,
Th_Bn=50 +/- 9, M_A=2.0
June 27, 1999
DOY 178
~22:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.2262, 0.9616, -0.1553),
[(77, 351) +/- (7, 4) deg],
V=225 +/- 69, r_n=1.7, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=125 +/- 31, M_A=1.1
July 2, 1999
DOY 183
~0:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8560, 0.5139, 0.0562),
[(31, 6) +/- (1, 7) deg],
V=558 +/- 82, r_n=2.0, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=69 +/- 5, M_A=1.8
July 6, 1999
DOY 187
~14:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9974, 0.0627, 0.0341),
[(4, 29) +/- (1, 14) deg],
V=554 +/- 119, r_n=2.4, r_b=1.8,
Th_Bn=141 +/- 6, M_A=3.6
July 6, 1999
DOY 187
~19:20		 F MAG MAG sees discontinuous 4 nT jump in |B|
SWEPAM does not see jumps
July 7, 1999
DOY 188
~7:00		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E no MAG signal evident
possible parallel shock
July 8, 1999
DOY 189
~4:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E large overshoot in |B|
small overall change in |B|
low proton density
in RTN coords:
n=(0.7700, 0.5841, -0.2567),
[(40, 336) +/- (7, 12) deg],
V=281 +/- 105, r_n=3.4, r_b=3.6,
Th_Bn=78 +/- 45, M_A=1.1
(large uncertainty in r_n and r_b)
July 12, 1999
DOY 193
~1:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E
July 26, 1999
DOY 207
~22:30		 F SWEPAM-I/E weak SWEPAM signal
no MAG signal
probably not a shock (V ~ 0)
August 4, 1999
DOY 216
~1:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9761, 0.2029, -0.0784),
[(13, 339) +/- (2, 20) deg],
V=405 +/- 37, r_n=2.3, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=136 +/- 23, M_A=1.6
August 8, 1999
DOY 220
~17:50		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E small changes in SWEPAM data
small jump in |B|
August 15, 1999
DOY 227
~9:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9909, 0.0212, -0.1330),
[(8, 279) +/- (2, 5) deg],
V=419 +/- 39, r_n=2.8, r_b=2.6,
Th_Bn=62 +/- 3, M_A=3.7
August 22, 1999
DOY 234
~22:45		 F MAG in RTN coords:
n=(0.9821, -0.1153, 0.1490),
[(11, 128) +/- (9, 41) deg],
V=456 +/- 85, r_n=2.7, r_b=3.1,
Th_Bn=115 +/- 35, M_A=1.3
August 23, 1999
DOY 235
~7:30		 F MAG abrupt 2 nT jump in |B|
no signal in SWEPAM
2 hours before current sheet crossing
August 23, 1999
DOY 235
~11:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.1972, -0.7223, 0.6629),
[(79, 138) +/- (8, 5) deg],
V=103 +/- 149, r_n=2.6, r_b=2.9,
Th_Bn=72 +/- 49, M_A=1.1
August 23, 1999
DOY 235
~15:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E questionable signal in SWEPAM data
abrupt 4 nT jump in |B|
September 12, 1999
DOY 255
~3:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8326, 0.3580, 0.4227),
[(34, 50) +/- (2, 2) deg],
V=520 +/- 48, r_n=2.5, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=113 +/- 4, M_A=4.1
September 15, 1999
DOY 258
~7:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7075, -0.5418, 0.4537),
[(45, 140) +/- (4, 2) deg],
V=544 +/- 101, r_n=2.0, r_b=1.3,
Th_Bn=26 +/- 10, M_A=2.6
September 15, 1999
DOY 258
~19:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9486, 0.0324, 0.3148),
[(18, 84) +/- (3, 8) deg],
V=590 +/- 48, r_n=2.1, r_b=2.1,
Th_Bn=66 +/- 8, M_A=2.0
September 22, 1999
DOY 265
~11:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM in RTN coords:
n=(0.8475, 0.0974, 0.5218),
[(32, 79) +/- (0, 3) deg],
V=468 +/- 40, r_n=2.4, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=64 +/- 7, M_A=2.7
September 26, 1999
DOY 269
~14:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9001, -0.1062, -0.4225),
[(26, 256) +/- (5, 15) deg],
V=392 +/- 94, r_n=1.8, r_b=1.8,
Th_Bn=100 +/- 11, M_A=1.1
October 10, 1999
DOY 283
~0:20		 R (slow) SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.5366, 0.6508, -0.5371),
[(58, 320) +/- (6, 9) deg],
V=230 +/- 72, r_n=1.7, r_b=0.8,
Th_Bn=103 +/- 16, M_A=0.1
October 21, 1999
DOY 294
~1:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM in RTN coords:
n=(0.9326, -0.0250, -0.3600),
[(21, 266) +/- (2, 4) deg],
V=408 +/- 40, r_n=2.5, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=77 +/- 3, M_A=1.4
October 28, 1999
DOY 301
~11:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9448, -0.1443, -0.2942),
[(19, 244) +/- (3, 8) deg],
V=423 +/- 64, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=83 +/- 4, M_A=1.2
interesting oscillations downstream
November 1, 1999
DOY 305
~6:00		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E questionable
SWEPAM sees trend, but only weak jumps
MAG sees discontinuous 3 nT jump
November 13, 1999
DOY 317
~12:10		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9975, -0.0190, -0.0675),
[(4, 254) +/- (1, 19) deg],
V=503 +/- 54, r_n=1.8, r_b=1.8,
Th_Bn=88 +/- 2, M_A=1.3
December 11, 1999
DOY 345
~12:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8859, 0.4146, 0.2081),
[(28, 27) +/- (4, 23) deg],
V=435 +/- 113, r_n=2.0, r_b=2.1,
Th_Bn=116 +/- 40, M_A=1.3
December 12, 1999
DOY 346
~15:10		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8187, 0.3355, -0.4660),
[(35, 306) +/- (2, 9) deg],
V=475 +/- 134, r_n=2.4, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=70 +/- 10, M_A=1.7
(low proton density ~< 2 /cm^3)
December 26, 1999
DOY 360
~21:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E
January 11, 2000
DOY 11
~13:40		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 50% jump in density
12% jump in speed
30% jump in |B|
January 17, 2000
DOY 17
~17:20		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 20% jump in density
10% jump in speed
50% jump in proton temperature
no observable jump in |B|,
but jumps in components
possible parallel shock
January 22, 2000
DOY 22
~00:23		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.2151, -0.4149, -0.8841)
[(78, 245) +/- (6, 11) deg],
V=175 +/- 65, r_n=1.8, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=51 +/- 26, M_A=2.3
January 27, 2000
DOY 27
~14:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9996, 0.0266, -0.0072)
[(2, 345) +/- (2, 21) deg],
V=401 +/- 50, r_n=1.8, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=157 +/- 15, M_A=1.6
100% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
February 5, 2000
DOY 36
~14:50		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.4902, 0.2354, -0.8392)
[(61, 286) +/- (7, 2) deg],
V=211 +/- 66, r_n=2.0, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=90 +/- 8, M_A=1.2
50% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
30% jump in |B|
February 11, 2000
DOY 42
~02:10		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8518, -0.4142, -0.3209)
[(32, 218) +/- (2, 3) deg],
V=484 +/- 44, r_n=2.2, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=153 +/- 16, M_A=1.8
250% jump in temperature
20% jump in speed
enhanced downstream fluctuations
February 11, 2000
DOY 42
~23:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7185, 0.4298, 0.5468)
[(44, 52) +/- (2, 4) deg],
V=539 +/- 37, r_n=2.8, r_b=2.8,
Th_Bn=92 +/- 4, M_A=3.6
3x jump in temperature
40% jump in speed
February 14, 2000
DOY 45
~6:56		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9917, 0.1049, -0.0749)
[(7, 324) +/- (1, 9) deg],
V=667 +/- 70, r_n=1.8, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=106 +/- 3, M_A=1.4
75% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
February 20, 2000
DOY 51
~20:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 400% jump in density
20% jump in speed
2.25x (10 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream fluctuations
February 22, 2000
DOY 53
~11:43		 F (slow?) MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8018, -0.5235, 0.2882)
[(37, 151) +/- (3, 3) deg],
V=321 +/- 28, r_n=4.2, r_b=0.9,
Th_Bn=51 +/- 4, M_A=0.2
400% increase in density
100% increase in temperature, but decreases several minutes later
10% increase in speed
no clear increase in |B|
brief (2 min) rotation of IMF
possible magnetic hole
brief high magnetic fluctuation
February 24, 2000
DOY 55
~14:08		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7968, 0.4168, -0.4375)
[(37, 314) +/- (3, 4) deg],
V=428 +/- 40, r_n=5.0, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=26 +/- 17, M_A=1.5
100% jump in density (low density)
50% jump in temperature
< 10% jump in speed
1.3x (12 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream magnetic fluctuations
March 22, 2000
DOY 82
~17:57		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7458, 0.0689, 0.6626)
[(42, 84) +/- (4, 5) deg],
V=297 +/- 106, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.4,
Th_Bn=116 +/- 6, M_A=2.4
30% jump in density
30% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
30% jump in |B|
marks end of high |B| disturbance
April 6, 2000
DOY 97
~2:55		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8343, 0.0426, -0.5497)
[(34, 274) +/- (8, 31) deg],
V=239 +/- 508, r_n=1.1, r_b=1.1,
Th_Bn=55 +/- 51, M_A=1.2
20% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
weak shock in SWEPAM data
no clear signal in |B|
IMF fluctuations levels decrease
possible parallel shock
April 6, 2000
DOY 97
~16:04		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9147, -0.0352, -0.4026)
[(24, 265) +/- (3, 2) deg],
V=658 +/- 44, r_n=3.3, r_b=3.2,
Th_Bn=109 +/- 2, M_A=5.5
150% jump in density
5x jump in temperature
30% jump in speed
3x (22 nT) jump in |B|
strongly enhanced fluctuation levels
coincident with spacecraft maneuver
April 17, 2000
DOY 108
~9:40		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6415, 0.7447, 0.1840)
[(50, 14) +/- (3, 2) deg],
V=248 +/- 56, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=120 +/- 10, M_A=1.3
20% jump in density
possible miscalculation of temperature
30% (3 nT) jump in |B|
April 24, 2000
DOY 115
~8:52		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.5879, -0.7166, -0.3752)
[(54, 208) +/- (4, 4) deg],
V=405 +/- 79, r_n=1.6, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=70 +/- 9, M_A=1.3
100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
60% (6 nT) jump in |B|
May 2, 2000
DOY 123
~10:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% jump in density
70% jump in temperature
15% jump in speed
25% (3 nT) DECREASE in |B|
with possible magnetic holes
questionable parallel shock
May 8, 2000
DOY 129
~6:01		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
probable weak shock
little evidence in MAG data
May 17, 2000
DOY 138
~21:39		 F (slow?) MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7667, -0.5504, 0.3306)
[(40, 149) +/- (10, 2) deg],
V=444 +/- 93, r_n=2.3, r_b=0.9,
Th_Bn=46 +/- 18, M_A=0.4
50% jump in density
30% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
likely weak shock
25% (2 nT) increase in |B| over 2 minutes
enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
May 30, 2000
DOY 151
~1:20		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7569, 0.5327, 0.3787)
[(41, 35) +/- (2, 7) deg],
V=265 +/- 167, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=74 +/- 6, M_A=1.8
30% jump in density
30% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
50% jump in |B|
enhanced downstream MAG fluctuations
June 3, 2000
DOY 155
~8:03		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.1772, -0.0984, 0.9792)
[(80, 96) +/- (7, 2) deg],
V=97 +/- 114, r_n=1.9, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=102 +/- 23, M_A=1.1
weak shock
40% jump in density
40% jump in temperature
2% jump in speed
30% (2 nT) jump in |B|
June 4, 2000
DOY 156
~14:23		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8482, -0.5116, -0.1371)
[(32, 195) +/- (8, 8) deg],
V=603 +/- 126, r_n=2.2, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=124 +/- 11, M_A=3.7
50% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
15% jump in speed
100% (6 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream MAG fluctuations
June 6, 2000
DOY 158
~3:00		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% jump in density
300% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
trailing edge of magnetic hole?
jump in |B| not resolved
some enhanced downstream fluctuations
June 8, 2000
DOY 160
~8:41		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9907, 0.1358, -0.0038)
[(8, -2) +/- (1, 8) deg],
V=840 +/- 41, r_n=4.1, r_b=3.4,
Th_Bn=50 +/- 3, M_A=4.5
150% jump in density
300% jump in temperature
40% jump in speed
100% (10 nT) jump in |B|
greatly enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
with dBrms > 6 nT
June 15, 2000
DOY 167
~11:31		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8434, -0.1185, -0.5240)
[(32, 257) +/- (1, 11) deg],
V=370 +/- 159, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.4,
Th_Bn=35 +/- 17, M_A=1.6
weak shock
20% jump in density
20% jump in temperature
3% jump in speed
50% (3 nT) jump in |B|
June 23, 2000
DOY 175
~12:27		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9190, 0.0351, -0.3926)
[(23, 275) +/- (0, 2) deg],
V=607 +/- 12, r_n=2.5, r_b=2.4,
Th_Bn=114 +/- 1, M_A=3.5
2.5x jump in density
100% jump in temperature
25% jump in speed
2.25x (10 nT) jump in |B|
July 10, 2000
DOY 192
~5:57		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8703, -0.4474, -0.2061)
[(30, 205) +/- (2, 17) deg],
V=483 +/- 50, r_n=2.1, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=66 +/- 13, M_A=1.8
50% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
20% jump in speed
100% (10 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
July 11, 2000
DOY 193
~1:50		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 70% jump in density
70% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
speed low only briefly before shock
weak MAG signature
strong, but brief, IMF reversal
July 11, 2000
DOY 193
~11:23		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.5485, -0.0641, -0.8337)
[(57, 266) +/- (2, 1) deg],
V=300 +/- 46, r_n=2.3, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=96 +/- 3, M_A=1.1
100% jump in density
300% jump in temperature
15% jump in speed
80% (10 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
July 13, 2000
DOY 195
~9:18		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.0917, 0.9919, -0.0884)
[(85, 355) +/- (0, 1) deg],
V=169 +/- 79, r_n=1.5, r_b=1.4,
Th_Bn=158 +/- 13, M_A=1.4
100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
difficult to see in MAG data
except for increase in fluctuations
July 14, 2000
DOY 196
~15:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords (magnetic coplanarity only):
n=(0.8570, 0.2984, -0.4201)
Th_Bn=48 deg
120% (10 nT) jump in |B|
SWEPAM data unavailable, but jump
between 14:58 and 15:30 is seen
July 15, 2000
DOY 197
~14:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords (magnetic coplanarity only):
n=(0.7768, -0.1166, 0.6189)
Th_Bn=144 deg
4x (30 nT) jump in |B|
|B| jumps discontinuously
from 10 to 40 nT
downstream |B| reaches 60 nT 4 hrs later
SWEPAM data unavailable, but jump
between 14:07 and 14:40 is seen
July 19, 2000
DOY 201
~14:48		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8770, 0.4480, 0.1736)
[(29, 21) +/- (1, 11) deg],
V=606 +/- 38, r_n=2.9, r_b=2.8,
Th_Bn=99 +/- 7, M_A=3.0
100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
15% jump in speed
100% (8 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
July 25, 2000
DOY 207
~13:22		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 2.5x jump in density
60% jump in temperature
15% jump in speed
strong directional changes
only 15% jump in |B|
possible parallel shock
July 26, 2000
DOY 208
~17:55		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8660, 0.4532, -0.2113)
[(30, 335) +/- (2, 2) deg],
V=358 +/- 55, r_n=1.8, r_b=1.8,
Th_Bn=84 +/- 4, M_A=1.6
50% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
50% (3 nT) jump in |B|
July 28, 2000
DOY 210
~5:43		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9564, 0.0750, 0.2821)
[(17, 75) +/- (4, 6) deg],
V=448 +/- 33, r_n=2.4, r_b=2.6,
Th_Bn=129 +/- 8, M_A=1.6
2.5x jump in density
3x jump in temperature
20% jump in speed
2x (10 nT) increase in |B|
brief enhancement of IMF fluctuations
July 28, 2000
DOY 210
~9:10		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9997, -0.0153, 0.0180)
[(1, 130) +/- (1, 40) deg],
V=484 +/- 64, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=120 +/- 4, M_A=1.4
70% jump in density
70% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
40% (8 nT) increase in |B|
July 31, 2000
DOY 213
~18:16		 F (slow) MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.5438, 0.6246, -0.5605)
[(57, 318) +/- (2, 2) deg],
V=243 +/- 60, r_n=2.8, r_b=0.7,
Th_Bn=60 +/- 28, M_A=0.4
100% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
3% jump in speed
|B| drops at discontinuity!
possible current sheet crossing
interpretation questionable
August 10, 2000
DOY 223
~4:07		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(1.0000, -0.0009, 0.0003)
[(0, 162) +/- (0, 66) deg],
V=429 +/- 39, r_n=2.4, r_b=1.1,
Th_Bn=18 +/- 9, M_A=1.2
100% jump in density
7% jump in speed
temperature is questionable
100% (7 nT) jump in |B|
August 11, 2000
DOY 224
~18:10		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.5174, -0.1004, -0.8498)
[(59, 263) +/- (4, 1) deg],
V=475 +/- 80, r_n=2.1, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=61 +/- 5, M_A=1.7
2x jump in density (noisy)
6x jump in temperature
15% jump in speed
2x (10 nT) jump in |B|
increase in IMF fluctuations downstream
followed by magnetic cloud
August 14, 2000
DOY 227
~21:36		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.3290, -0.9239, -0.1956)
[(71, 192) +/- (2, 2) deg],
V=255 +/- 46, r_n=3.2, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=159 +/- 15, M_A=2.4
100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
8% jump in speed
good shock signature in SWEPAM
strong, gradual rise in |B|
shock poorly resolved by MAG
shock followed by 3+ hour transient
September 6, 2000
DOY 250
~16:13		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8889, -0.2542, -0.3811)
[(27, 236) +/- (3, 1) deg],
V=485 +/- 42, r_n=2.3, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=85 +/- 3, M_A=2.3
150% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
20% jump in speed
100% (10 nT) jump in |B|
strong enhancement of IMF fluctuations downstream
September 15, 2000
DOY 259
~3:59		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
3x (6 nT) jump in |B|
oddly strong depression/recovery of |B| following
September 17, 2000
DOY 261
~16:57		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7637, 0.6452, -0.0214)
[(40, -2) +/- (2, 0) deg],
V=563 +/- 106, r_n=2.3, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=107 +/- 19, M_A=1.1
questionable density jump
5x jump in temperature
15% jump in speed (brief)
located early in a 24-hour high-|B| disturbance
75% (15 nT) jump in |B|
very elevated IMF fluctuations
returns to earlier level 30 min later
interesting, but questionable
September 30, 2000
DOY 274
~10:38		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7997, -0.2959, 0.5225)
[(37, 120) +/- (10, 2) deg],
V=380 +/- 116, r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=94 +/- 10, M_A=1.1
50% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
25% (3 nT) jup in |B|
September 30, 2000
DOY 274
~16:06		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% jump in density
70% jump in temperature (brief)
5% jump in speed
abrupt DECREASE in |B|
possible hole boundary
September 30, 2000
DOY 274
~21:24		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature (brief)
5% jump in speed
abrupt DECREASE in |B|
much like 16:06 event
October 3, 2000
DOY 277
~00:08		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6581, 0.5744, -0.4868)
[(49, 320) +/- (1, 3) deg],
V=347 +/- 47, r_n=2.1, r_b=2.1,
Th_Bn=74 +/- 5, M_A=2.6
100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
60% (3 nT) jump in |B|
October 4, 2000
DOY 278
~13:36		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9011, 0.3041, -0.3089)
[(26, 315) +/- (6, 7) deg],
V=435 +/- 99, r_n=1.5, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=107 +/- 12, M_A=1.1
50% jump in denisty
50% jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
25% (3 nT) jump in |B|
October 5, 2000
DOY 279
~2:41		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9066, 0.1193, 0.4048)
[(25, 74) +/- (4, 17) deg],
V=517 +/- 49, r_n=2.4, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=114 +/- 8, M_A=2.9
100% jump in density
4x jump in temperature
25% jump in speed
2x (8 nT) jump in |B|
October 12, 2000
DOY 286
~21:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9154, 0.2857, 0.2835)
[(24, 45) +/- (2, 3) deg],
V=449 +/- 14, r_n=4.1, r_b=4.3,
Th_Bn=77 +/- 7, M_A=1.7
100% jump in temperature
35% jump in speed
2.5x (10 nT) jump in |B|
strong enhancement of IMF fluctuations downstream
October 28, 2000
DOY 302
~5:41		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E weak shock
75% (3 nT jump) in |B|
slight enhancement of IMF fluctuations downstream
October 28, 2000
DOY 302
~9:08		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9374, -0.1768, -0.3002)
[(20, 240) +/- (4, 6) deg],
V=411 +/- 40, r_n=2.6, r_b=2.7,
Th_Bn=49 +/- 15, M_A=1.9
70% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
15% jump in speed
disturbed IMF
increase in downstream IMF fluctuations
October 31, 2000
DOY 305
~16:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6044, 0.7739, 0.1890)
[(53, 14) +/- (3, 1) deg],
V=312 +/- 44, r_n=3.3, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=24 +/- 13, M_A=3.2
100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
20% jump in speed
disturbed IMF downstream region
November 2, 2000
DOY 307
~4:05		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 10% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
2% jump in speed
no jump in |B|
looks like RD in MAG
November 2, 2000
DOY 307
~18:21		 R (slow or not a shock?) MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.3484, -0.2820, 0.8939)
[(70, 108) +/- (6, 7) deg],
V=101 +/- 178, r_n=1.3, r_b=1.0,
Th_Bn=133 +/- 36, M_A=0.3
50% jump in density
40% jump in temperature
2% jump in speed
no sustained signal in |B|
discontinuity in IMF components
possible weak parallel shock
November 2, 2000
DOY 307
~23:47		 R (slow?) MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8089, -0.3725, -0.4548)
[(36, 231) +/- (15, 22) deg],
V=279 +/- 183, r_n=1.1, r_b=1.0,
Th_Bn=176 +/- 163, M_A=0.3
30% jump in density
30% jump in temperature
2% jump in speed
no clear signal in |B| or components
November 4, 2000
DOY 309
~1:34		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7434, 0.3514, 0.5691)
[(42, 58) +/- (1, 1) deg],
V=373 +/- 34, r_n=2.9, r_b=2.9,
Th_Bn=96 +/- 3, M_A=2.0
3x jump in density
20% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
2.5x (12 nT) jump in |B|
November 6, 2000
DOY 311
~9:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8483, -0.4881, -0.2052)
[(32, 203) +/- (1, 3) deg],
V=573 +/- 55, r_n=2.6, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=45 +/- 4, M_A=2.4
2.5x jump in density
2.5x jump in temperature
20% jump in speed
100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
possible quasi-parallel shock
November 8, 2000
DOY 313
~13:20		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7329, -0.2792, 0.6204)
[(43, 114) +/- (5, 9) deg],
V=263 +/- 59, r_n=2.5, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=137 +/- 21, M_A=3.1
70% jump in density
2.5x jump in temperature
5% jump in speed
100% (3 nT) jump in |B|
November 11, 2000
DOY 316
~4:01		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9925, -0.0486, 0.1118)
[(7, 114) +/- (6, 10) deg],
V=959 +/- 115, r_n=3.1, r_b=1.8,
Th_Bn=166 +/- 34, M_A=2.2
100% jump in density
100% jump in temperature
additional 400% 1 min later
10% jump in speed
100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
November 19, 2000
DOY 324
~1:43		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 20% jump in density
20% jump in temperature
2% jump in speed
very weak step DOWN in |B|
November 26, 2000
DOY 331
~5:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8260, 0.2605, 0.4998)
[(34, 63) +/- (6, 2) deg],
V=433 +/- 79, r_n=1.6, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=117 +/- 8, M_A=2.6
50% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
50% (3 nT) jump in |B|
elevated fluctuations downstream
November 26, 2000
DOY 331
~11:24		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
20% jump in speed
100% (6 nT) jump in |B|
strong enhancement of IMF fluctuations downstream
November 28, 2000
DOY 333
~4:57		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8313, -0.0312, -0.5550)
[(34, 267) +/- (1, 3) deg],
V=534 +/- 49, r_n=2.3, r_b=2.2,
Th_Bn=123 +/- 7, M_A=2.1
50% jump in density
5% jump in speed
50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
November 29, 2000
DOY 334
~5:23		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8727, -0.1226, 0.4727)
[(29, 104) +/- (4, 9) deg],
V=537 +/- 90, r_n=1.4, r_b=1.4,
Th_Bn=105 +/- 10, M_A=1.3
20% jump in density
20% jump in temperature
3% jump in speed
weak shock
25% (3 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced IMF fluctuations start 03:00
December 3, 2000
DOY 338
~3:21		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8720, -0.1760, -0.4568)
[(29, 249) +/- (12, 17) deg],
V=483 +/- 211, r_n=1.4, r_b=1.3,
Th_Bn=76 +/- 16, M_A=1.8
50% jump in density
50% jump in temperature
10% jump in speed
50% (3 nT) jump in |B|
December 14, 2000
DOY 349
~6:37		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 20% jump in density
70% jump in temperature
2% jump in speed
no jump in |B|
January 5, 2001
DOY 5
18:00		 F SWEPAM-I/E jumps in Vsw and Tp
not clear signature in Np
directional discontinuity in MAG
no clear jump in |B|
no downstream wave enhancement
questionable
January 9, 2001
DOY 9
4:42		 R SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6852, 0.6997, -0.2023)
[(47, 344) +/- (2, 20) deg],
V=145 +/- 193 (-107 +/- 42), r_n=1.1, r_b=1.0,
Th_Bn=137 +/- 18, M_A=2.9
weak shock
2% jump in Vsw
25% jump in Np
20% jump in Tp
small INCREASE in |B|
questionable
January 10, 2001
DOY 10
15:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.5369, 0.8400, 0.0785)
[(58, 365) +/- (8, 7) deg],
V=225 +/- 46 (33 +/- 20), r_n=2.5, r_b=3.2,
Th_Bn=125 +/- 61, M_A=1.3
10% jump in Vsw
130% jump in Np
80% jump in Tp
100% jump in |B|
slight downstream fluctuation enhancement
January 13, 2001
DOY 13
1:40		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9271, 0.2757, 0.2540)
[(22, 43) +/- (2, 12) deg],
V=421 +/- 33 (61 +/- 1), r_n=3.0, r_b=3.9,
Th_Bn=68 +/- 26, M_A=1.1
2.5x (9 nT) jump in |B|
15% jump in Vws
400% jump in Np
200% jump in Tp
slight downstream fluctuation enhancement
January 17, 2001
DOY 17
15:31		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9096, -0.1254, -0.3962)
[(25, 252) +/- (9, 12) deg],
V=423 +/- 56 (83 +/- 10), r_n=2.0, r_b=1.3,
Th_Bn=152 +/- 54, M_A=3.7
100% (3 nT) jump in |B|
10% jump in Vws
70% jump in Np
60% jump in Tp
slight downstream fluctuation enhancement
burried in tortured IMF
January 23, 2001
DOY 23
10:06		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9035, 0.2257, -0.3644)
[(25, 302) +/- (1, 12) deg],
V=532 +/- 32, r_n=3.1, r_b=1.0,
Th_Bn=177 +/- 41, M_A=2.8
100% (4 nT) jump in |B|
25% jump in Vsw
400% jump in Np
400% jump in Tp
fluctuation level increases downstream
January 31, 2001
DOY 31
7:22		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.1674, -0.9812, -0.0958)
[(80, 186) +/- (2, 2) deg],
V=159 +/- 38 (74 +/- 16), r_n=2.5, r_b=2.6,
Th_Bn=71 +/- 8, M_A=1.4
2x (6 nT) jump in |B|
12% jump in Vsw
200% jump in Np
80% jump in Tp
enhanced downstream fluctuations
February 12, 2001
DOY 43
20:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6700, 0.2682, -0.6922)
[(48, 291) +/- (8, 12) deg],
V=358 +/- 72 (79 +/- 1), r_n=1.7, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=52 +/- 44, M_A=2.0
no clear jump in |B|
possibly buried in |B| ramp
possible weak shock
5% jump in Vsw
40% jump in Np
40% jump in Tp
no enhanced downstream fluctuations
February 20, 2001
DOY 51
00:54		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 60% (2 nT) jump in |B|
low Vsw prevents SWEPAM from characterizing
but shock is observed weak downstream fluctuation enhancement
March 3, 2001
DOY 62
10:40		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9774, 0.1269, 0.1689)
[(12, 53) +/- (2, 18) deg],
V=538 +/- 56 (100 +/- 10), r_n=1.9, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=82 +/- 4, M_A=1.9
60% (3 nT) jump in |B|
15% jump in Vsw
50% jump in Np
100% jump in Tp
enhancement of downstream fluctuations
March 5, 2001
DOY 64
21:35		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7841, -0.2070, -0.5851)
[(38, 250) +/- (7, 2) deg],
V=342 +/- 58 (-83 +/- 33), r_n=2.0, r_b=2.0,
Th_Bn=38 +/- 35, M_A=1.5
60% (3 nT) jump in |B|
8% jump in Vsw
50% decrease in Np
10$ decrease in Tp
enhanced downstream fluctuation level
March 19, 2001
DOY 78
10:23		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
10% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
flat Tp (questionable)
odd local structure
enhanced downstream fluctuations
March 22, 2001
DOY 81
12:42		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% (9 nT) jump in |B|
15% jump in Vsw
50% jump in Np
200% jump in Tp
enhanced downstream fluctuations
March 27, 2001
DOY 86
1:10		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 3x (8 nT) jump in |B|
25% jump in Vsw
230% jump in Np
125% jump in Tp
strongly enhanced downstream fluctuations
March 27, 2001
DOY 86
17:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8800, -0.1839, -0.4379)
[(28, 247) +/- (1, 9) deg],
V=471 +/- 48, r_n=1.9, r_b=2.1,
Th_Bn=49 +/- 22, M_A=1.3
2x (12 nT) jump in |B|
20% jump in Vsw
70% jump in Np
100% jump in Tp
enhanced downstream fluctuations
March 30, 2001
DOY 89
21:40		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 4x (6 nT) jump in |B|
3% jump in Vsw
50% jump in Np
30% jump in Tp
weakly enhanced downstream fluctuations
March 31, 2001
DOY 90
00:23		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 7x (60 nT) jump in |B| (unphysical)
16% jump in Vsw
200% jump in Np
6x jump in Tp
must be complicated by unsteady background
March 31, 2001
DOY 90
22:56		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9635, 0.0966, 0.2497)
[(16, 69) +/- (4, 7) deg],
V=615 +/- 40, r_n=3.3, r_b=3.3,
Th_Bn=87 +/- 5, M_A=1.1
50% (10 nT) jump in |B|
highly variable SWEPAM moments
6% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
2x jump in Tp
follows and within highly disturbed interval
April 2, 2001
DOY 92
23:51		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(1.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000)
[(0, 302) +/- (0, 147) deg],
V=532 +/- 67, r_n=2.5, r_b=1.0,
Th_Bn=16 +/- 1, M_A=0.2
20% (1 nT) jump in |B|
3% jump in Vsw
60% jump in Np
40% jump in Tp
very weak MAG signal
April 4, 2001
DOY 94
14:22		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8834, -0.3538, 0.3074)
[(28, 139) +/- (1, 1) deg],
V=692 +/- 48 (305 +/- 56), r_n=4.0, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=15 +/- 5, M_A=4.2
3x (14 nT) jump in |B|
25% jump in Vsw
200% jump in Np
200% jump in Tp
strong downstream fluctuations
April 7, 2001
DOY 97
16:59		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 3x (10 nT) jump in |B|
|B| "jump" spans ~2 min
20% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
100% jump in Tp
enhanced downstream fluctuations
April 8, 2001
DOY 98
10:32		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9676, 0.2019, -0.1517)
[(15, 323) +/- (1, 8) deg],
V=743 +/- 41, r_n=2.8, r_b=2.8,
Th_Bn=90 +/- 3, M_A=4.2
3x (12 nT) jump in |B|
30% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
4x jump in Tp
strongly enhanced downstream fluctuations
April 11, 2001
DOY 101
13:14		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6921, 0.3197, 0.6471)
[(46, 64) +/- (1, 5) deg],
V=542 +/- 56 (210 +/- 5), r_n=2.3, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=137 +/- 8, M_A=2.7
50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
12% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
100% jump in Tp
enhanced upstream and downstream fluctuations
April 11, 2001
DOY 101
15:28		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.4055, 0.8829, 0.2365)
[(66, 15) +/- (0, 2) deg],
V=466 +/- 59 (184 +/- 9), r_n=1.9, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=98 +/- 1, M_A=2.0
75% (12 nT) jump in |B|
7% jump in Vsw
50% jump in Np
50% jump in Tp
strongly enhanced downstream fluctuations
disturbed downstream region for analysis
April 13, 2001
DOY 103
7:06		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E probably a shock, but poorly resolved
30% (3 nT) jump in |B|
within ramping background |B|
12% jump in Vsw
10x jump in Tp
density jump not clearly resolved
due to fluctuations
difficult backgound structure
April 18, 2001
DOY 108
00:05		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7168, 0.2663, 0.6444)
[(44, 68) +/- (1, 1) deg],
V=422 +/- 31 (116 +/- 17), r_n=3.0, r_b=3.0,
Th_Bn=81 +/- 5, M_A=3.0
3x (10 nT) jump in |B|
30% jump in Vsw
3.4x jump in Np
3.3x jump in Tp
strong enhancement of downstream fluctuations
April 21, 2001
DOY 111
15:08		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7621, -0.6456, -0.0493)
[(40, 184) +/- (1, 12) deg],
V=334 +/- 46 (81 +/- 12), r_n=2.5, r_b=1.5,
Th_Bn=156 +/- 36, M_A=3.0
probably a wave rather than shock
50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
SWEPAM parms. rise over 4 minutes
mild enhancement of fluctuations downstream
April 28, 2001
DOY 118
4:31		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9667, 0.2457, 0.0719)
[(15, 16) +/- (0, 4) deg],
V=905 +/- 59, r_n=3.7, r_b=3.7,
Th_Bn=92 +/- 2, M_A=5.9
80% (8 nT) jump in |B|
followed by |B| ramping upwards
strong enhancement of downstream fluctuations
50% jump in Vsw
70% jump in Tp
10x jump in Tp
possible reverse shock 90 min later
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 6, 2001
DOY 126
7:06		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 60% (3 nT) jump in |B|
6% jump in Vsw
Np & Tp questionable
low Vsw places uncertainty on Np & Tp
May 7, 2001
DOY 127
17:50		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E no significant jump in |B|
possible parallel shock
6% jump in Vsw
no clear jump in Np
100% jump in Tp
possibly small fluctuation enhancement
May 12, 2001
DOY 132
9:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6638, 0.0564, -0.7457)
[(48, 274) +/- (1, 12) deg],
V=486 +/- 156 (141 +/- 16), r_n=1.3, r_b=1.3,
Th_Bn=84 +/- 4, M_A=1.2
30% (4 nT) jump in |B|
increased downstream IMF fluctuations
5% jump in Vsw
60% jump in Np
40% jump in Tp (single point)
not a clean result
May 14, 2001
DOY 134
2:06		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.2538, 0.9017, 0.3500)
[(75, 21) +/- (1, 2) deg],
V=59 +/- 52 (-108 +/- 45) r_n=2.0, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=19 +/- 11, M_A=1.7
60% (3 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
9% jump in Vsw
33% jump in Np
50% jump in Tp
complicating background structure
May 18, 2001
DOY 138
00:50		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E very small jump in |B|
minor downstream IMF fluctuation enhancement
5% jump in Vsw
20% jump in Np
30% jump in Tp
May 18, 2001
DOY 138
9:17		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 60% (5 nT) DECREASE in |B|
7% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
50% jump in Tp
strong SWEPAM structure
questionable MAG structure
May 27, 2001
DOY 147
14:18		 F MAG 7 SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8868, 0.1870, -0.4226)
[(28, 294) +/- (4, 2) deg],
V=538 +/- 65 (197 +/- 4) r_n=2.4, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=43 +/- 8, M_A=2.7
100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
30% jump in Vsw
60% jump in Np
70% jump in Tp
June 2, 2001
DOY 153
11:48		 R MAG 7 SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8084, 0.3516, 0.4721)
[(36, 53) +/- (2, 7) deg],
V=278 +/- 84 (-238 +/- 18), r_n=2.0, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=54 +/- 6, M_A=2.5
100% (8 nT) jump in |B|
15% jump in Vsw
75% jump in Np
20% jump in Tp
June 6, 2001
DOY 157
10:21		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E no jump in |B|
small downstream fluctuation enhancement
8% hymp in Vsw
30% jump in Np
70% jump on Tp
possible parallel shock
June 7, 2001
DOY 158
8:52		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 50% (3 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
8% jump in Vsw
30% jump in Np
60% jump in Tp
June 18, 2001
DOY 169
1:54		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 50% (3 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
6% jump in Vsw
75% jump in Np
20% jump in Tp (single point)
August 2, 2001
DOY 214
8:55		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E questionable jump in |B|
possible parallel shock
7% jump in Vsw
80% jump in Np
50% jump in Tp
August 2, 2001
DOY 214
14:06		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E slight DECREASE in |B|
possible directional discontinuity
possible parallel shock
7% jump in Vsw
130% jump in Np
50% jump in Tp
August 3, 2001
DOY 215
6:25		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8568, 0.0816, 0.5091)
[(31, 81) +/- (3, 1) deg],
V=405 +/- 34 (85 +/- 15), r_n=2.9, r_b=2.9,
Th_Bn=110 +/- 5, M_A=2.2
3x (12 nT) jump in |B|
possible slow passage through shock
strong enhancement of downstream IMF fluctuations
9% jump in Vsw
3.5x jump in Np
??? in Tp
August 5, 2001
DOY 217
11:55		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6149, -0.2043, 0.7617)
[(52, 105) +/- (10, 7) deg],
V=437 +/- 166 (157 +/- 12), r_n=1.4, r_b=1.4,
Th_Bn=88 +/- 10, M_A=1.6
40% (4 nT) jump in |B|
7% jump in Vsw
10% jump in Np
20% jump in Tp (questionable)
August 12, 2001
DOY 224
10:50		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9658, 0.0375, 0.2566)
[(15, 82) +/- (1, 3) deg],
V=409 +/- 29 (71 +/- 14), r_n=3.9, r_b=3.8,
Th_Bn=76 +/- 3, M_A=2.8
100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream fluctuations
20% jump in Vsw
4x jump in Np
2.5x jump in Tp
August 17, 2001
DOY 229
10:16		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9031, -0.2202, -0.3686)
[(25, 239) +/- (4, 3) deg],
V=451 +/- 31, r_n=4.5, r_b=4.4,
Th_Bn=118 +/- 6, M_A=2.7
4x (15 nT) jump in |B|
strongly enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
30% jump in Vsw
2.4x jump in Np
2.3x jump in Tp
August 27, 2001
DOY 239
19:19		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6916, 0.5335, 0.4869)
[(46, 42) +/- (0, 3) deg],
V=486 +/- 39, r_n=2.8, r_b=2.8,
Th_Bn=91 +/- 6, M_A=2.7
3x (12 nT) jump in |B|
strongly enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
20% jump in Vsw
3x jump in Np
2x jump in Tp
September 1, 2001
DOY 244
00:46		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 80% (4 nT) DECREASE in |B|
boundary to magnetic hole
7% jump in Vsw
40% jump in Np
3.5x jump in Tp
questionable, but interesting
September 1, 2001
DOY 244
1:08		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 80% (4 nT) jump in |B|
boundary/within magnetic hole
5% jump in Vsw
60% jump in Np
60% jump in Tp
questionable, but interesting
September 14, 2001
DOY 257
1:19		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9822, 0.0980, 0.1601)
[(11, 59) +/- (0, 20) deg],
V=490 +/- 46, r_n=2.6, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=114 +/- 5, M_A=2.3
1.3x (8 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream IMF fluctuations
20% jump in Vsw
3x jump in Np
5x jump in Tp
September 14, 2001
DOY 257
21:00		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E small jump in |B|
local IMF structure complicated
7% jump in Vsw
30% jump in Np
100% jump in Tp
September 25, 2001
DOY 268
~20:05		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 3.5x (20 nT) jump in |B|
strongly enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
SWEPAM sees shock, data not available
September 29, 2001
DOY 272
9:06		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9687, 0.1639, 0.1864)
[(14, 49) +/- (2, 2) deg],
V=681 +/- 52 (113 +/- 18), r_n=3.3, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=19 +/- 18, M_A=2.9
2x (5 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
9% jump in vsw
100% jump in Np
20% jump in Tp
September 30, 2001
DOY 273
9:05		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.0958, -0.9675, 0.2341)
[(84, 166) +/- (3, 12) deg],
V=92 +/- 108 (40 +/- 2), r_n=1.4, r_b=1.0,
Th_Bn=172 +/- 29, M_A=0.4
no jump in |B|
no enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
possible parallel shock or not a shock
5% jump in Vsw
50% jump in Np (gradual)
70% jump in Tp
September 30, 2001
DOY 273
18:46		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9344, -0.0684, -0.3495)
[(21, 259) +/- (2, 2) deg],
V=675 +/- 115 (286 +/- 12), r_n=1.8, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=62 +/- 3, M_A=4.8
70% (7 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
12% jump in Vsw
50% jump in Np
100% jump in Tp (gradual)
October 8, 2001
DOY 281
12:21		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8899, 0.2015, 0.4092)
[(27, 64) +/- (10, 2) deg],
V=398 +/- 78 (76 +/- 10), r_n=1.6, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=54 +/- 39, M_A=1.1
40% (4 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
Vsw and Np look shock-like
Tp shows no shock jump
October 11, 2001
DOY 284
16:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9628, 0.2352, 0.1330)
[(16, 30) +/- (2, 6) deg],
V=540 +/- 35 (142 +/- 17), r_n=2.7, r_b=2.7,
Th_Bn=74 +/- 4, M_A=2.1
100% (10 nT) jump in |B|
strongly enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
25% jump in Vsw
4x jump in Np
7x jump in Tp
October 21, 2001
DOY 294
16:12		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8790, 0.0701, -0.4716)
[(28, 278) +/- (1, 1) deg],
V=587 +/- 39 (226 +/- 21), r_n=2.5, r_b=2.1,
Th_Bn=50 +/- 4, M_A=4.7
150% (25 nT) jump in |B|
strongly enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
30% jump in Vsw
2.5x jump in Np
4x jump in Tp
October 22, 2001
DOY 295
00:13		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.5338, -0.8453, -0.0222)
[(58, 182) +/- (1, 2) deg],
V=273 +/- 81 (-72 +/- 3), r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=118 +/- 7, M_A=1.3
130% (13 nT) jump in |B|
strongly enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
5% jump in Vsw
75% jump in Np
20% jump in Tp
October 25, 2001
DOY 298
8:01		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.8250, 0.4240, -0.3737)
[(34, 319) +/- (4, 3) deg],
V=406 +/- 34 (89 +/- 17), r_n=3.8, r_b=2.4,
Th_Bn=150 +/- 22, M_A=3.6
350% (7 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
very low fluctuation levels upstream
possible upstream waves
25% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
3x jump in Tp
October 28, 2001
DOY 301
2:42		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7716, -0.5109, 0.3790)
[(40, 143) +/- (1, 1) deg],
V=470 +/- 45 (206 +/- 15), r_n=2.7, r_b=2.3,
Th_Bn=30 +/- 4, M_A=2.1
300% (14 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
30% jump in Vsw
130% jump in Np
7x jump in Tp
October 28, 2001
DOY 301
19:26		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E no jump in |B|
possible directional discontinuity
5% jump in Vsw
50% jump in Np
25x jump in Tp
October 31, 2001
DOY 304
12:54		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9714, 0.2247, 0.0770)
[(14, 19) +/- (6, 14) deg],
V=458 +/- 58 (139 +/- 1), r_n=2.1, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=39 +/- 25, M_A=2.7
100% (3 nT) jump in |B|
slightly enhanced IMF fluctuations downstream
20% jump in Vsw
2.2x jump in Np
70% jump in Tp
November 5, 2001
DOY 309
1:55		 F MAG 20% (2 nT) jump in |B|
small Vsw jump
unlikely weak shock
SWEPAM cannot confirm
November 6, 2001
DOY 310
~1:20		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 300% (40 nT) jump in |B|
strong downstream fluctuations
SWEPAM data unavailable
November 6, 2001
DOY 310
~19:10		 R MAG 7 SWEPAM-I/E 30% (6 nT) jump in |B|
SWEPAM data unavailable
November 9, 2001
DOY 313
4:03		 R MAG & SWEPAM-I/E no jump in |B|
4% jump in Vsw
15% jump in Np
50% jump in Tp
November 15, 2001
DOY 319
13:54		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 50% (2 nT) jump in |B|
increased downstream fluctuations
SWEPAM confirms, but measurements poor
November 19, 2001
DOY 323
17:35		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.9781, 0.1431, -0.1509)
[(12, 314) +/- (1, 13) deg],
V=630 +/- 62, r_n=2.0, r_b=1.9,
Th_Bn=65 +/- 4, M_A=3.0
50% (5 nT) jump in |B|
increased downstream fluctuations
possible upstream waves
20% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
100% jump in Tp
November 24, 2001
DOY 328
~5:45		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 400% (30 nT) jump in |B|
powerful downstream fluctuations
possible upstream waves
SWEPAM confirms
SWEPAM data unavailable
November 24, 2001
DOY 328
~8:00		 F MAG 400% (30 nT) jump in |B|
possible 2nd shock in disturbance
SWEPAM cannot confirm
November 24, 2001
DOY 328
~9:00		 F MAG 50% (25 nT) jump in |B|
possible 3rd shock in disturbance
SWEPAM cannot confirm
November 30, 2001
DOY 334
17:28		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7850, -0.4741, 0.3987)
[(38, 140) +/- (25, 16) deg],
V=310 +/- 89 (59 +/- 5), r_n=1.7, r_b=1.6,
Th_Bn=150 +/- 169, M_A=1.5
50% (2 nT) jump in |B|
no enhanced fluctuations
3% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
30% jump in Tp (fluctuations)
December 23, 2001
DOY 357
22:00		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
no enhanced fluctuations except upstream
10% jump in Vsw
3.5x jump in Np
2% jump in Tp (not good)
December 29, 2001
DOY 363
4:47		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.7293, 0.5561, -0.3985)
[(43, 324) +/- (2, 1) deg],
V=362 +/- 38 (120 +/- 3), r_n=3.5, r_b=2.9,
Th_Bn=138 +/- 9, M_A=2.9
200% (10 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced fluctuations downstream
25% jump in Vsw
4x jump in Np
7x jump in Tp
December 30, 2001
DOY 364
19:32		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E in RTN coords:
n=(0.6375, -0.0497, -0.7688)
[(50, 266) +/- (2, 0) deg],
V=459 +/- 42 (152 +/- 16), r_n=2.4, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=123 +/- 4, M_A=1.6
150% (15 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced fluctuations downstream
30% jump in Vsw
100% jump in Np
100% jump in Tp
January 10, 2002
DOY 10
~15:50		 F MAG 100% (10 nT) jump in |B|
strongly enhanced fluctuations downstream
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
January 19, 2002
DOY 19
~7:00		 F MAG 25% (3 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced fluctuations downstream
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
January 21, 2002
DOY 21
~6:00		 R MAG 25% (2 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced fluctuations downstream
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
January 31, 2002
DOY 31
~20:40		 F MAG 150% (7 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced fluctuations downstream
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
February 6, 2002
DOY 37
~2:00		 R MAG 100% (8 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced fluctuations downstream
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
February 17, 2002
DOY 48
~2:05		 F MAG 100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced fluctuations downstream
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
February 28, 2002
DOY 59
~4:00		 F MAG 100% (6 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced fluctuations downstream
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 3, 2002
DOY 62
~22:00		 F MAG 50% (5 nT) jump in |B|
questionable observations
may be magnetic hole on rising |B|
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 18, 2002
DOY 77
~12:36		 F MAG in RTN coords:
n=(0.8665, 0.3859, 0.3165)
[(30, 39) +/- (1, 2) deg],
V=410 +/- 30 (98 +/- 18),
r_n=4.7, r_b=3.1,
Th_Bn=38 +/- 6, M_A=6.1
300% (10 nT) jump in |B|
heightened fluctuation level downstream
possible upstream waves
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 22, 2002
DOY 81
~3:30		 F MAG 50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 23, 2002
DOY 82
~11:00		 F MAG 100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 23, 2002
DOY 82
~13:50		 F MAG 20% (2 nT) jump in |B|
questionable result
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 23, 2002
DOY 82
~17:20		 F MAG 20% (2 nT) jump in |B|
questionable result
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 25, 2002
DOY 84
~1:00		 F MAG 25% (4 nT) jump in |B|
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 29, 2002
DOY 88
~22:00		 F MAG 400% (15 nT) jump in |B|
questionable event
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 31, 2002
DOY 90
~15:20		 R MAG 80% (4 nT) jump in |B|
downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
April 17, 2002
DOY 107
~10:21		 F MAG & SWEPAM in RTN coords:
n=(0.8921, 0.1388, 0.4300)
[(27, 72) +/- (1, 1) deg],
V=460 +/- 30 (122 +/- 18), r_n=3.4, r_b=3.4,
Th_Bn=90 +/- 1, M_A=2.2
200% (18 nT) jump in |B|
230% jump in density (15 to 50 /cc)
30% jump in speed (350 to 450 km/s)
200% jump in temperature (0.7 to 2 x 10^5 K)
strong downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
April 19, 2002
DOY 109
~8:02		 F MAG & SWEPAM in RTN coords:
n=(0.7136, 0.1333, 0.6878)
[(44, 79) +/- (1, 2) deg],
V=511 +/- 135 (275 +/- 41), r_n=2.4, r_b=2.5,
Th_Bn=67 +/- 6, M_A=1.6
100% (10 nT) jump in |B|
100% jump in density (1.2 to 2.5 /cc)
25% jump in speed (450 to 560 km/s)
400% jump in temperature (1 to 5 x 10^5 K)
strong downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
April 19, 2002
DOY 109
~21:50		 F SWEPAM 60% jump in density (5 to 8 /cc)
10% jump in speed (430 to 480 km/s)
100% jump in temperature (1.5 to 3 x 10^5 K)
awaiting MAG confirmation
April 23, 2002
DOY 113
~4:15		 F MAG & SWEPAM 100% (7 nT) jump in |B|
67% jump in density (6 to 10 /cc)
30% jump in speed (420 to 580 km/s)
300% jump in temperature (1 to 4 x 10^5 K)
strong downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
April 24, 2002
DOY 114
~17:03		 R SWEPAM 12% jump in density (4 to 3.5 /cc)
12% jump in speed (470 to 530 km/s)
30% jump in temperature (1.5 to 1 x 10^5 K)
awaiting MAG confirmation
May 10, 2002
DOY 130
~10:30		 F MAG 200% (10 nT) jump in |B|
weak downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 11, 2002
DOY 131
~9:20		 F MAG 100% (10 nT) jump in |B|
odd appearance -- questionable event
strong downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 18, 2002
DOY 138
~19:20		 F MAG in RTN coords:
n=(0.9135, -0.4052, 0.0354)
[(24, 175) +/- (2, 2) deg],
V=470 +/- 42 (171 +/- 16), r_n=3.0, r_b=2.7,
Th_Bn=122 +/- 3, M_A=4.4
300% (10 nT) jump in |B|
strong downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
May 20, 2002
DOY 140
~3:00		 F MAG 75% (6 nT) jump in |B|
weak downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 21, 2002
DOY 141
~21:00		 F MAG 100% (4 nT) jump in |B|
moderate downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 23, 2002
DOY 143
~10:15		 F MAG in RTN coords:
n=(0.8857, 0.1688, -0.4325)
[(28, 291) +/- (1, 2) deg],
V=834 +/- 82 (466 +/- 35), r_n=1.7, r_b=1.7,
Th_Bn=96 +/- 2, M_A=4.2
300% (20 nT) jump in |B|
strong downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
May 30, 2002
DOY 150
~1:35		 F MAG 100% (4 nT) jump in |B|
weak downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
July 17, 2002
DOY 198
~15:30		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 200% (10 nT) jump in |B|
strong downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
July 19, 2002
DOY 200
~9:32		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
weak downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
1st of 2 shocks same day
July 19, 2002
DOY 200
~14:50		 F MAG 50% (5 nT) jump in |B|
weak downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
2nd of 2 shocks same day
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
July 20, 2002
DOY 201
~00:45		 F MAG 100% (8 nT) jump in |B|
shock candidate, but questionable
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
July 20, 2002
DOY 201
~11:45		 R MAG 30% (2 nT) jump in |B|
weak shock candidate, but questionable
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
July 22, 2002
DOY 203
~4:45		 F MAG 100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
weak downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
July 25, 2002
DOY 206
~13:05		 F MAG 50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
August 15, 2002
DOY 227
~18:30		 F MAG 50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
August 18, 2002
DOY 230
~18:10		 F MAG 200% (7 nT) jump in |B|
downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
possibly part of shock pair
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
August 18, 2002
DOY 230
~18:40		 F MAG 100% (8 nT) jump in |B|
downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
possibly part of shock pair
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
August 26, 2002
DOY 238
~10:45		 F MAG 100% (8 nT) jump in |B|
downstream magnetic fluctuation enhancement
possibly part of shock pair
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
August 26, 2002
DOY 238
~14:10		 F MAG 80% (8 nT) jump in |B|
within region of high turbulence level
possibly part of shock pair
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
September 7, 2002
DOY 250
~16:10		 F SWEPAM-I/E awaiting MAG confirmation
September 30, 2002
DOY 273
~7:21		 F MAG & SWEPAM-I/E 50% (7 nT) jump in |B|
October 2, 2002
DOY 275
~22:10		 F MAG 100% (8 nT) jump in |B|
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
October 14, 2002
DOY 287
~8:10		 F MAG 30% (3 nT) jump in |B|
questionable event
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
November 9, 2002
DOY 313
~18:00		 F MAG 100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
no enhanced downstream fluctuations evident
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
November 11, 2002
DOY 315
~12:00		 F MAG 80% (5 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
November 13, 2002
DOY 317
~4:05		 R MAG 50% (3 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
November 16, 2002
DOY 320
~23:00		 F MAG 100% (5 nT) jump in |B|
slightly enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
November 20, 2002
DOY 324
~10:20		 F MAG 50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
slightly enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
November 26, 2002
DOY 330
~21:10		 F MAG 200% (20 nT) jump in |B|
greatly enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
December 19, 2002
DOY 353
~4:25		 R MAG unclear jump in |B|
greatly enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
December 22, 2002
DOY 356
~9:45		 F MAG 50% (4 nT) jump in |B|
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
December 22, 2002
DOY 356
~12:20		 F MAG 30% (5 nT) jump in |B|
fluctuations rise on each side
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
December 24, 2002
DOY 358
~13:15		 F MAG 50% (3 nT) jump in |B|
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
February 27, 2003
DOY 58
~13:30		 R MAG 100% (4 nT) jump in |B|
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 17, 2003
DOY 76
~19:20		 R Berdichevsky awaiting MAG & SWEPAM confirmation
March 20, 2003
DOY 79
~4:20		 F MAG 60% (5 nT) jump in |B|
increased downstream fluctuation levels
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 29, 2003
DOY 88
~3:40		 F MAG 20% (1 nT) jump in |B|
slightly increased downstream fluctuation levels
weak shock candidate, part of pair
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
March 29, 2003
DOY 88
~4:10		 F MAG 20% (1 nT) jump in |B|
slightly increased downstream fluctuation levels
weak shock candidate, part of pair
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
April 10, 2003
DOY 100
~7:00		 F MAG 20% (2 nT) jump in |B|
slightly increased downstream fluctuation levels
weak shock candidate
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
April 28, 2003
DOY 118
~18:30		 F MAG 40% (4 nT) jump in |B|
may be travelling wave
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 9, 2003
DOY 129
~4:55		 F MAG 80% (4 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 29, 2003
DOY 149
~11:55		 F MAG 150% (6 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 29, 2003
DOY 149
~18:25		 F MAG 100% (6 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation
May 30, 2003
DOY 150
~16:00		 F MAG 100% (6 nT) jump in |B|
enhanced downstream fluctuations
awaiting SWEPAM confirmation

Coronal Mass Ejections, Magnetic Clouds and Complex Ejecta:

The following list contains CMEs, magnetic clouds and complex ejecta observed by the MAG and SWEPAM instruments. No attempt is made to guarantee the list is complete and any assessment of the ejecta's characteristics are preliminary. Most shocks observed by the ACE spacecraft are driven by observed ejecta (CMEs) that may as well be magnetic clouds. Examination of the shock list will reveall additional CMEs not listed below.

Any attempt to use this list in publications should be preceded by contacting the experimenters for their assessment of the quality of the statements made here.

This list is and always will be a work in progress.

Magnetic clouds are intervals of high field strength that display a smooth, continuous rotation of the IMF. They are colder than the surrounding plasma and are frequently, but not always, coincident with other signatures of solar ejecta (bidirection electron streaming and anomalous heavy ion composition, for instance). Clouds are frequently, but not always, characterized by low fluctuation levels of the IMF.

"Old" magnetic clouds are fully or nearly-fully expanded objects. Hence, the IMF intensity is not high.

Magnetic clouds observed by the spacecraft near the boundary of the flux rope may not show the 180 degree rotation that is part of the definition.

Magnetic clouds containing multiple flux ropes may show a disturbed IMF rotation and separate plasma characteristics (density, temperature, etc.).

The MAG instrument was activated the day of launch, August 25, 1997 and exited the Earth's magnetosphere later that same day. The magnetic clouds list begins with observations from August 26.

Magnetic cloud observations prior to the activation of SWEPAM are made without the benefit of thermal ion data. After the activation of SWEPAM, and whenever SWEPAM data is available, thermal ion data is used to confirm the passage of magnetic clouds.

The times are given only by the dates as clouds tend to span several days and the exact beginning or end may not be well defined. Initial comments are purely subjective.

Dates Comments
September 18-20, 1997
DOYs 261-263, 1997
September 21-22, 1997
DOYs 264-265, 1997
November 7-8, 1997
DOYs 311-312, 1997
January 7-8, 1998
DOYs 7-8, 1998		 double flux rope event,
analayzed by Lepping et al.
February 4-6, 1998
DOYs 35-37, 1998		 large cloud
candidate double flux rope
SWEPAM data unavailable 1st half
February 28 - March 1, 1998
DOYs 59-60, 1998		 disturbed interval
high fluctuation levels
candidate double flux rope
March 4-6, 1998
DOYs 63-65, 1998		 short, intense interval of counterstreaming electrons
from 14:30 to 17:00 on March 4,
possible heat flux dropouts on March 5/6
suggest mixed open and closed field lines,
confirmed single flux rope magnetic cloud DOYs 63.59 - 64.93
March 25-26, 1998
DOYs 84-85, 1998		 candidate double flux rope
May 2-3, 1998
DOYs 122-123, 1998		 begins approx. 1200 on May 2
and ends approx. 1900 on May 3,
forward shock 2 hours prior to end,
He+ observed,
low values of |B|,
magnetic topology unknown
June 2-3, 1998
DOYs 153-154, 1998
June 24-25, 1998
DOYs 175-176, 1998		 confirmed double flux rope magnetic cloud DOY 175.74 - 176.48
two like-signed current filaments
single X-point resolved between flux ropes
interesting Tp, Np, and heavy ion composition
July 11-12, 1998
DOYs 192-193, 1998		 oddly disturbed B direction
possible multiple flux rope cloud
August 2-3, 1998
DOYs 214-215, 1998		 "old" cloud -- fully expanded
low |B|
August 8-9, 1998
DOYs 220-221, 1998		 odd winding and Tp structure
candidate double flux rope cloud
August 19-21, 1998
DOYs 231-233, 1998		 candidate 2 flux ropes in contact
geometry unconfirmed to date
August 27-28, 1998
DOYs 239-240, 1998		 candidate 2 flux rope event
August 29, 1998
DOY 251, 1998		 "old" cloud
September 18-19, 1998
DOYs 261-262, 1998		 "old" cloud candidate
September 25-26, 1998
DOYs 268-269, 1998		 CME without flux rope
not a magnetic cloud
October 19-20, 1998
DOYs 292-293, 1998		 end ~6:00 on 20th,
good double flux rope candidate,
geometry unconfirmed to date
November 8-9, 1998
DOYs 312-313, 1998		 odd event
cloud may be only 2nd day
November 10, 1998
DOY 314, 1998		 possible trailing cloud
"old" and fully expanded
November 13-14, 1998
DOYs 317-318, 1998		 highly disturbed compound object
geometry undetermined
December 10-11, 1998
DOYs 344-355, 1998		 highly disturbed compound object
may contain cloud(s)
January 13-14, 1999
DOYs 13-14, 1999		 possible compound cloud
January 22, 1999
DOY 22, 1999		 complex ejecta,
see Burlaga et al., JGR, 106 (A10), 20957-20977, 2001.
February 13-14, 1999
DOYs 44-45, 1999
February 18-19, 1999
DOYs 49-50, 1999		 likely multiple ejecta in contact
February 20, 1999
DOY 51, 1999		 additional cloud in close proximity to former
February 28 - March 1, 1999
DOYs 59-60, 1999		 unusual cloud interval
March 11-12, 1999
DOYs 70-71, 1999		 unusual compound interval
April 16-17, 1999
DOYs 106-107, 1999		 strongly evident cloud,
confirmed single flux rope magnetic cloud DOYs 106.99 - 107.76
April 21-22, 1999
DOYs 111-112, 1999		 |B| < 10 nT
good rotation of IMF and cold ions
confirmed single flux rope cloud
April 26-27, 1999
DOYs 116-117, 1999		 |B| ~ 10 nT, small IMF rotation
average Tp, depressed proton beta
possible glancing contact
July 7-8, 1999
DOYs 188-189, 1999		 |B| > 10 nT, several IMF rotations,
Tp not depressed, Np features,
possibly several flux ropes in near contact
August 22-23, 1999
DOYs 234-235, 1999		 odd |B| ~ 5 nT event
IMF rotation and low Tp
possible "old" cloud
September 15, 1999
DOY 258, 1999		 short duration cloud,
triple flux rope candidate DOY 258.36 - 258.74 (HQ)
September 21-22, 1999
DOYs 264-265, 1999		 |B| ~ 10 nT, strong IMF rotation,
slightly reduced Tp,
cloud candidate
October 10, 1999
DOY 283, 1999		 odd event preceding additional disturbance,
small IMF rotation, reduced IMF fluctuations,
not reduced Tp,
candidate cloud event
October 21-22, 1999
DOYs 294-295, 1999		 possible compound object,
geometry undetermined
November 12-13, 1999
DOYs 316-317, 1999		 |B| ~ 5 nT, irregular IMF fluctuations,
IMF rotation and reduced Tp,
candidate "old" cloud preceding later ejecta
November 23-24, 1999
DOYs 327-328, 1999		 |B| ~ 12 nT, 2 disjointed IMF rotations,
IMF fluctuations moderate, but not small,
disjointed densities and Tp,
no flux rope found in analysis
December 13, 1999
DOY 347, 1999		 first of 2 magnetic clouds,
|B| ~ 15 nT, strong IMF rotation,
expansion evident, reduced Tp,
appear separated by disturbed flow,
geometry unknown
December 14, 1999
DOY 348, 1999		 second of 2 magnetic clouds,
|B| ~ 10 nT, modest IMF rotation,
not expanding, reduced Tp,
geometry unknown
January 22-23, 2000
DOYs 22-23, 2000		 10-hr event ending early second day,
|B| ~ 20 nT, odd IMF rotation,
confirmed single flux rope magnetic cloud DOY 23.11 - 23.63,
possible flux ropes day following
January 27, 2000
DOY 27, 2000		 short-lived event,
|B| ~ 15 nT, good IMF rotation,
possible magnetic cloud,
precedes arrival of second ejecta
February 12, 2000
DOY 43, 2000		 short-lived event following larger ejecta,
odd IMF rotation with depressed Tp,
possible magnetic cloud,
uncertain magnetic topology
February 21-22, 2000
DOYs 52-53, 2000		 |B| ~ 15 nT, slightly reduced Tp,
confirmed double flux rope cloud
March 1-2, 2000
DOYs 61-62, 2000		 |B| ~ 10 nT, odd IMF rotation,
depressed Tp,
unusual cloud candidate
March 19, 2000
DOY 79, 2000		 |B| ~ 10 nT, 45 deg IMF rotation,
depressed Tp, low IMF fluctuations,
good cloud candidate
March 28-29, 2000
DOYs 88-89, 2000		 |B| ~ 10 nT, good IMF rotation,
SWEPAM dropout making Tp unknown,
interesting cloud candidate
March 30-31, 2000
DOYs 90-91, 2000		 |B| < 10 nT, no clean IMF rotation,
slightly depressed Tp, variable Np, alpha densities enhanced,
some bidirectional electrons,
likely CME with IMF topology unknown
April 19, 2000
DOY 110, 2000		 |B| ~ 10 nT, 90 deg IMF rotation,
depressed Tp, reduced IMF fluctuations,
possible cloud candidate
May 2, 2000
DOY 123, 2000		 |B| ~ 15 nT, 45 deg IMF rotation,
reduced IMF fluctuations, not expanding,
possible cloud buried within ejecta
May 14, 2000
DOY 135, 2000		 |B| ~ 5 nT, depressed Tp, 90 deg rotation of IMF,
reduced IMF fluctuation, between 2 intense intervals,
12-hr interval, minimal expansion,
possible cloud candidate
June 8-9, 2000
DOYs 160-161, 2000		 |B| ~ 20 nT, 90 deg rotation of IMF,
unusual IMF rotations,
depressed Tp, low IMF fluctuations,
significant ongoing expansion, reduced Np,
possible multiple flux rope cloud candidate,
possible complex ejecta
June 11, 2000,
DOY 163, 2000		 |B| ~ 15 nT, ~180 deg IMF rotation,
unusual rotation signatures,
possible multiple flux rope candidate
June 14, 2000
DOY 166, 2000		 |B| ~ 10 nT, 45 deg IMF rotation,
depressed Tp, elevated Np,
possible cloud
June 26, 2000
DOY 178, 2000		 |B| ~ 10 nT, 45 deg IMF rotation,
depressed Tp, minimal expansion,
possible cloud buried in larger ejecta
July 11-13, 2000
DOY 193 - 195, 2000		 confirmed single flux rope magnetic cloud DOYs 193.99 - 195.22
July 17-18, 2000
DOYs 197 - 198, 2000		 interval starts late in first day,
|B| ~ 50 nT, 90+ deg IMF rotation,
depressed Tp, strongly expanding object,
candidate for double flux rope cloud,
geometry uncertain at this time
July 20-21, 2000
DOYs 202 - 203, 2000		 unusually low |B|, interesting IMF rotation,
reduced Tp, nonexpanding object,
cloud candidate
July 27-29, 2000
DOYs 209 - 211, 2000		 objects difficult to resolve,
driving multiple shocks,
geometry unknown
July 31 - August 1, 2000
DOYs 213 - 214, 2000		 ejecta starts late first day,
confirmed single flux rope magnetic cloud DOYs 213.93 - 214.47
August 10-11, 2000
DOYs 223 - 224, 2000		 |B| ~ 10 nT, 135 deg IMF rotation,
depressed Tp, little ongoing expansion,
cloud candidate, uncertain geometry
August 12-13, 2000
DOYs 225 - 226, 2000		 5 nT < |B| < 45 nT,
unusual Np, Tp and expansion signatures,
confirmed double flux rope magnetic cloud DOY 225.2 - 225.8,
possible companion cloud following DOY 226
September 3, 2000
DOY 247, 2000		 12-hr expansion interval with depressed Tp,
45 deg IMF rotation and |B| ~ 5 nT,
possible cloud candidate
September 13, 2000
DOY 257, 2000		 6-hr interval suggestive of poorly encountered cloud,
nonexpanding, slightly reduced Tp,
|B| ~ 5 nT with reduced IMF fluctuations,
interesting candidate to examine
September 17-18, 2000
DOYs 261 - 262, 2000		 |B| ~ 40 nT, Vsw ~ 800 km/s,
unknown ejecta
October 3-4, 2000
DOYs 277 - 278, 2000 		|B| ~ 20 nT, strong rotation of the IMF,
reduced Tp, expansion varies internally,
confirmed single flux rope magnetic cloud DOYs 277.63 - 278.44
October 13-14, 2000
DOYs 287 - 288, 2000		 |B| ~ 10 nT, 90 deg rotation of IMF,
depressed Tp and Np, perhaps bi-modal structure,
follows more intense ejecta,
interesting cloud candidate,
geometry uncertain
October 28-29, 2000
DOYs 302 - 303, 2000		 |B| ~ 20 nT, 90+ deg rotation of IMF,
reduced IMF fluctuation level,
depressed Tp and Np with some ongoing expansion,
uncertain magnetic topology,
good cloud candidate
November 6-7, 2000
DOYs 311 - 312, 2000		 |B| ~ 25 nT and ~ 180 deg IMF rotation,
reduced Tp and Np, ongoing expansion,
precedes possible magnetic hole boundary,
confirmed single flux rope magnetic cloud DOYs 311.93 - 312.96
November 26-77, 2000
DOYs 331 - 332, 2000		 |B| ~ 30 nT and ~ 180 deg IMF rotation(s),
studied by Wang et al., Solar Phys, 211, 333-344, 2002.
December 2-3, 2000
DOYs 336 - 337, 2000		 6-hr period, |B| ~ 5 nT and ~ 45 deg IMF rotation,
low IMF fluctuations, slight ongoing expansion,
interesting candidate to examine
December 7, 2000
DOY 342, 2000		 12-hr interval, |B| ~ 10 nT, 45+ deg IMF rotation,
part of larger ejecta, collapsing period,
interesting cloud candidate
December 29, 2000
DOY 364, 2000		 12-hr expansion interval, |B| ~ 5 nT and ~ 45 deg IMF rotation,
reduced IMF fluctuations, part of multiple candidate ejecta,
interesting candidate to examine

Counterstreaming Electron Events:

Solar wind electrons at 1 AU are observed to stream through the solar wind at speeds in excess of the solar wind speed. This is not the case for thermal ions. Electrons are observed to move away from the sun and along magnetic field lines.

At some times electrons are observed to stream in both directions along the magnetic field. It is widely held that at these times either both ends of the magnetic field line are connected to the sun, producing an expanding bubble-like intrusion into the interplanetary medium, or both ends of the field line were recently connected to the sun and reconnected to form a closed structure. Such periods are said to exhibit counterstreaming electrons and the SWEPAM instrument on ACE is capable of measuring such distributions.

Periods of prolonged counterstreaming electrons are frequently associated with interplanetary observations of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). For the counterstreaming electrons events listed here the counterstreaming is not always, or even generally, continuous throughout the event, but is almost always intermittent over the prolonged period that marks the duration of the observation.

Interplanetary, in-situ observations of coronal mass ejections are measurements of solar ejecta. These in-situ observations have now been correlated with remote optical observations of solar ejecta (see SOHO/LASCO CME list from remote optical observations).

Magnetic clouds are sometimes, but not always, observed within the CME or counterstreaming electron event. Comparison of this list with the cloud list will reveal those periods when both are present.

Magnetic field lines connected to downstream disturbances, such as shocks, may also produce counterstreaming electrons; although generally these events are of shorter duration than those listed here. For a spacecraft that is upstream of the Earth, as is ACE, such a downstream shock source could also include the Earth's bow shock.

SWEPAM was activated on October 20, 1997. SWEPAM observations are not available for Dec. 4-22, 1997 or Feb. 20-23, 1998. This list of counterstreaming electron observations is based solely on SWEPAM-E observations.

Start and stop times are only accurate to ~15 minutes.

Start Dates / Times [UT] Stop Dates / Times [UT] Comments
Oct. 27, 1997 / ~00:00 Oct. 28, 1997 / ~6:30 may start earlier
Nov. 7, 1997 / ~4:15 Nov. 10, 1997 / ~1:00
Nov. 14, 1997 / ~17:00 Nov. 17, 1997 / ~10:30
Nov. 22, 1997 / ~14:50 Nov. 26, 1997 / ~17:00
Dec. 30, 1997 / ~10:00 Jan. 2, 1998 / ~11:30
Jan. 5, 1998 / ~12:30 Jan. 8, 1998 / ~21:30
Jan. 16, 1998 / ~00:00 Jan. 21, 1998 / ~7:30
Jan. 28, 1998 / ~17:30 Feb. 1, 1998 / ~16:00
Feb. 4, 1998 / ~2:10 Feb. 5, 1998 / ~23:00
Feb. 17, 1998 / ~10:30 Feb. 17, 1998 / ~20:00
March 2, 1998 / ~13:00 March 3, 1998 / ~24:00
March 7, 1998 / ~5:00 March 9, 1998 / ~00:00
March 25, 1998 / ~13:00 March 26, 1998 / ~21:00
April 6, 1998 / ~4:00 April 7, 1998 / ~1:30
April 17, 1998 / ~10:00 April 19, 1998 / ~4:00
May 2, 1998 / ~0:00 May 4, 1998 / ~2:00 large He+ event
in both duration
and magnitude
May 4, 1998 / ~7:00 May 7, 1998 / ~21:00
May 15, 1998 / ~22:00 May 17, 1998 / ~6:00
May 27, 1998 / ~0:00 May 28, 1998 / ~2:00
May 29, 1998 / ~18:00 May 31, 1998 / ~22:00
June 2, 1998 / ~10:00 June 2, 1998 / ~15:00
June 7, 1998 / ~0:00 June 9, 1998 / ~12:00
June 13, 1998 / ~19:00 June 15, 1998 / ~22:00
June 18, 1998 / ~7:00 June 18, 1998 / ~19:30
June 25, 1998 / ~3:00 June 28, 1998 / ~14:00
July 6, 1998 / ~21:00 July 10, 1998 / ~5:00
July 11, 1998 / ~17:00 July 13, 1998 / ~11:30
July 24, 1998 / ~0:00 July 25, 1998 / ~24:00
July 27, 1998 / ~22:30 July 29, 1998 / ~11:00
July 30, 1998 / ~23:30 Aug. 3, 1998 / ~10:00
Aug. 5, 1998 / ~5:00 Aug. 9, 1998 / ~24:00
Aug. 10, 1998 / ~13:20 Aug. 10, 1998 / ~22:00
Aug. 12, 1998 / ~0:30 Aug. 14, 1998 / ~3:00
Aug. 16, 1998 / ~0:00 Aug. 18, 1998 / ~21:00
Aug. 20, 1998 / ~23:00 Aug. 22, 1998 / ~18:00
Aug. 26, 1998 / ~18:00 Sept. 1, 1998 / ~20:00
Sept. 7, 1998 / ~6:30 Sept. 9, 1998 / ~5:30
Sept. 25, 1998 / ~1:00 Sept. 26, 1998 / ~19:30
October 19, 1998 / ~3:00 October 22, 1998 / ~17:30
October 23, 1998 / ~17:00 October 25, 1998 / ~20:00

Magnetic Holes:

Magnetic holes are marked decreases in the magnetic field intensity which possess pressure balance across the interfaces. This means that when the decrease in magnetic pressure is accounted for by a corresponding and equal increase in the thermal pressure of the background ions and electrons.

The recognition of magnetic holes can be an imprecise process that is subject to the ambient conditions of the interplanetary magnetic field. Under highly disturbed conditions, a magnetic hole may not be clearly recognizable. They are most easily seen under conditions when the IMF is otherwise steady and displaying large amplitude.

Magnetic holes are routinely observed within the solar wind and have been observed in planetary magnetospheres. They are seen over a wide range of scale sizes, from signals lasting < 1 minute to those lasting over 1 hour. This list attempts to focus on those magnetic holes lasting over 15 minutes in the ACE dataset.

We characterize the magnetic holes listed here as having either rounded, square, or sawtoothed sides. This may be an indication that the spacecraft passed near the edge boundary of the hole or that the pressure balance is incomplete so that the hole is either expanding or contracting.

Dates / Times [UT] Comments
Sept. 6, 1997 / 11:30 - 13:00 Rounded sides
First of pair
Sept. 6, 1997 / 13:00 - 14:00 Rounded sides
Second of pair
Nov. 8, 1997 / 18:00 - 19:00 Sawtoothed sides
Dec. 2, 1997 / 21:00 - 23:00 Square sides
May be 2 sawtoothed holes
Dec. 31, 1997 / 21:00 - 22:15 Square sides
Jan. 15, 1998 / 5:15 - 5:30 Square sides
Jan. 15, 1998 / 12:45 - 13:00 Square sides
Feb. 9, 1998 / 5:00 - 6:00 Sawtoothed sides
March 10, 1998 / 11:45 - 12:45 Sawtoothed sides
April 3, 1998 / 4:00 - 5:30 Sawtoothed sides
April 9, 1998 / 4:00 - 6:00 Square sides
Apr. 13, 1998 / 20:00 - Apr. 14, 1998 / 1:00 Square sides
April 16, 1998 / 7:00 - 8:30 Square sides
April 16, 1998 / 9:00 - 10:00 Square sides
April 17, 1998 / 5:45 - 10:00 Sawtoothed sides
June 18, 1998 / 22:00 - 23:30 Twin holes
Sawtoothed sides
July 16, 1998 / 0:30 - 1:00 Sawtoothed sides
July 16, 1998 / 2:30 - 3:30 Sawtoothed sides
July 23, 1998 / 0:10 - 3:00 Sawtoothed sides
Aug. 6, 1998 / 6:00 - 7:00 Square sides
5 hours after shock
Oct. 24, 1998 / 18:00 - 19:45 Sawtoothed sides
Otherwise constant |B| all day
Jan. 9, 1999 / 22:00 - 23:00 Rounded sides
24 hrs constant |B| either side
Feb. 11, 1999 / 10:15 - 11:00 Square sides
Feb. 21, 1999 / 22:00 - 23:00 Square sides
Irregular
March 12, 1999 / 11:30 - 14:15 Square sides
April 16, 1999 / 12:30 - 14:00 Sawtoothed sides
Following shock
May 1, 1999 / 15:30 - 17:00 Rounded sides
24 hrs constant |B| either side
May 5, 1999 / 20:00 - 23:00 Sawtoothed sides
Irregular 		5 hours after shock
May 24, 1999 / 4:30 - 5:30 Rounded sides
July 2, 1999 / 22:00 - 23:00 Sawtoothed sides
July 18, 1999 / 23:00 - July 19, 1999 / 3:15 Square sides
July 30, 1999 / 13:00 - 14:00 Sawtoothed sides
Time of high |B|
Aug. 21, 1999 / 3:30 - 4:30 Square sides
Irregular
Aug. 21, 1999 / 17:00 - 19:00 Square sides
Aug. 15, 1999 / 20:30 - 22:00 Sawtoothed sides
Sep. 6, 1999 / 6:00 - 8:00 Square sided

Terrestrial Foreshock:

Occasionally ACE will observed energetic ions or electrons originating from the Earth's bow shock or from behind the shock. Electrons are expected to be more frequently observed since the mean-free-path for electrons exceeds that of ions for particles with sufficient energy to traverse the upstream region and reach the spacecraft at L1. When this occurs we will note the time and the instrument that records the observation.

Start Dates / Times [UT] Stop Dates / Times [UT] Comments
March 14, 1998 Suspected interval
Intermittent during the day
SWEPAM-E observations

Links to Other Spacecraft Sites and Lists:

The following links provide additional data on shock, CME and CIR observations made by various satellites and may provide very useful alternate or complimentary views of the above ACE observations:

Other Useful and Relevant ACE Links:

The following links are useful in learning more about the ACE dataset:

Page Maintained by: Charles W. Smith - chuck@bartol.udel.edu