He3 Neutron Monitor 64 Events

Assuming your browser has a java plugin this application will display scaled real-time trajectories from a simulation of 1 GeV Neutrons entering a Space Ship Earth NM64 detector and interacting producing secondary particles. This version displays only neutron tracks, although the transport physics used in the calculation includes all known particle types (i.e. protons, electrons, pions, gammas,..) and nuclear fragments produced in the interactions, these are not drawn to reduce ambiguity.

The color of tracks distinguishes different energy ranges.
Shades of Blue: E > 2MeV
Shades of Green: 1KeV < E < 2MeV
Shades of Red: E < 1KeV
Open Circle/Audio: Neutron Absorption in a tube producing a count

What is a Neutron Monitor ??

In a neutron monitor, neutron sensitive proportional tubes, surrounded by moderator material and a lead target, detect thermal neutrons produced locally from interacting incident particles typically in the lead. Each proportional tube is inside a 2cm thick low density polyethylene tube which is surrounded by nearly 2 tons of 99.99% pure lead. The lead is enclosed by another layer of 7cm thick polyethylene which serves as low energy neutron reflector. Even though neutrons do not leave an ion trail in the proportional tube, the absorption of a neutron by a nucleus is usually followed by the emission of charge particles which can be detected. A SSE neutron monitor proportional tube is filled with 3He gas which responds to neutrons by the exothermic reaction 3He(n,p)3H with a Q = 770KeV (1GeV muon typically deposits 3KeV in the gas). The reaction cross-section is inversely proportional to the neutron velocity, having a 20oC thermal endpoint of roughly 5330 barns.


  • A new frame will appear after pressing an "Event" button and closing the frame will terminate the applet process.
  • The "Event Preview" buttons will quickly display the event without a time delay.
  • The "Event Display" buttons will start the process of drawing track segments in a scaled real-time sequence.
  • Event Preview Event Display
    Preview Event 1 Start Event 1
    Preview Event 2 Start Event 2
    Preview Event 3 Start Event 3
    Preview Event 4 Start Event 4
    Preview Event 5 Start Event 5
    Preview Event 6 Start Event 6
    Preview Event 7 Start Event 7
    Preview Event 8 Start Event 8
    Preview Event 9 Start Event 9
    Preview Event 10 Start Event 10


    To run a java applet, your browser must have a java plugin (Java Virtual Machine) version 1.3 or higher. This JVM plugin can be downloaded and installed at java_installation . The Sun JRE package, English only version, is roughly 10Mbytes in size.

    FLUKA transport code was utilized in this work.

    Report any problems to John Clem at clem@bartol.udel.edu .